The open channel flow monitoring station is a key infrastructure in the fields of water conservancy, agriculture, urban drainage, etc. It provides scientific basis for water resource management, flood control and disaster reduction, and ecological protection by collecting real-time data on water level, flow velocity, and flow rate of open channels (such as rivers, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches).

1. Open Channel Flow Monitoring Station Product Introduction
The ultrasonic multi-layer time difference flow meter is a device developed according to the principle of "ultrasonic pipeline flow meter" at home and abroad, which is suitable for open channel flow measurement. By extending the design structure of the ultrasonic pipeline flow meter, it is applied to open channel flow measurement. It has a multi-layer flow measurement method, and the layer structure design of the transducer can be designed according to the type of the channel. By measuring the flow velocity of different water layers, the accuracy of the flow measurement equipment can be improved.
2. Components
The ultrasonic multi-layer time difference flow measurement system is mainly composed of the following equipment:
1. Three pairs of flow sensors
3. One ultrasonic liquid level sensor
3. Acquisition system
4. Solar power supply system
5. Pole and bracket
3. Working Principle
The ultrasonic time difference method uses the acoustic time difference method flow meter to measure the flow. The principle is to install one or more pairs of transducers at a certain angle to the flow direction on both banks of the river (usually 45 degrees). One transducer emits ultrasonic waves, and the other transducer receives ultrasonic waves (the ultrasonic wave transmission path is called the sound path). The average flow velocity of the measuring line is calculated by the difference in the transmission time of the ultrasonic waves in the upstream and downstream directions. The average flow velocity can be calculated by data modeling, and then the instantaneous flow rate can be calculated by the flow velocity area method.
4. Characteristics of the Monitoring Station
1. Measurement Advantages:
1.1 Developed according to the design standard and calibration specification of the ultrasonic pipeline flow meter, it has extremely high precision and stability, and the open channel measurement accuracy can reach more than 95%;
1.2 The flow meter is installed in the channel of the open channel river, and multiple layers of transducers can be set to measure the flow velocity of different layers in real time, and the flow velocity of different water layers is measured by multiple samplings;
1.3 Since this flow measurement system uses a multi-layer sensor structure, a layer flow velocity distribution model can be established after running for a period of time, that is: even if only one layer of sensor is still working normally, the equipment of the system can still work efficiently;
1.4 Adopt IP68 protection level: The magnetic level gauge (or dual-level magnetic coding level gauge) and the flow velocity transducer in this system are both equipped with IP68 protection standards, and can still work normally even if the channel water level is high and submerges all the equipment;
1.5 Correctable: With the change of channel structure over time, the accuracy of this system can be further corrected by manually entering the calibration parameters in the integrated integrator.
2. Installation method characteristics
2.1 Built-in structure: The multi-layer flow velocity meter and level gauge are both installed in the channel twice in a built-in manner, which does not block the water, avoids the attachment of aquatic plants, floating objects, etc., greatly reducing the maintenance workload;
2.2 The number of transducer layers and height can be set according to the water level elevation: Due to the diversity of channel structure, the transducer can be set according to the characteristics of the channel (such as: 0.3H, 0.6H, 0.9H three-layer structure);
2.3 No water-blocking characteristics: The equipment adopts a built-in installation method, which almost does not occur water head loss, water-blocking and other situations, and improves the irrigation efficiency.
3. Interfering factors
3.1 The equipment is suitable for open channels with a certain regular section and a channel width within the range of 0-50 meters;
3.2 When the equipment is applied in water systems with high silt content, the measurement accuracy is affected to a certain extent;
3.3 The equipment cannot monitor the siltation of the channel in real time, and it is necessary to regularly check the siltation of the channel and clear it or calibrate it.

5. Technical parameters